Glossary
Substation
A substation is a facility designed to convert electrical energy between different voltage levels within the power distribution network, serving as a connection point between the high-voltage transmission system and the low-voltage distribution network, enabling the efficient and safe delivery of electricity to end users.
The key functions of a substation include:
Voltage Transformation: Reducing high voltage from the transmission system to a lower voltage suitable for distribution. Additionally, a substation can also increase voltage, such as when connecting a power plant to the transmission system.
Network Control and Protection: Devices in the substation (such as circuit breakers, disconnectors, and protective relays) ensure monitoring and protection of the electrical network from overloading, short circuits or other faults. These devices also allow selective disconnection of a faulty section to minimize the impact on the rest of the network.
Energy Distribution: Distributing electrical energy to various branches of the network.
Types of Substations:
Distribution Substations: Reduce voltage from the transmission system to distribution levels.
Transmission Substations: Increase or decrease voltage within the transmission system.
Industrial Substations: Serve the specific needs of large consumers.
Substations play a crucial role in ensuring the reliable and safe operation of the electrical system.